FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TOWARDS EARLY AND LATE CONVERSION FROM GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS TO ABNORMAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE POSTPARTUM

Authors

  • Farah Yasmin Hasbullah Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
  • Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
  • Rohana Abdul Ghani Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
  • Zulfitri ’Azuan Mat Daud Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
  • Geeta Appannah Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
  • Faridah Abas Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology UPM, Serdang, Malaysia

Keywords:

gestational diabetes, glucose tolerance, postpartum

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Women with previous gestational diabetes (post-GDM) have a high risk of developing abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT)
postpartum, including pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Limited evidence is available on the risk factors present at different timepoints after GDM pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the factors contributing towards early and late conversion from GDM to AGT postpartum.


METHODOLOGY
This cross-sectional study involved 157 women post-GDM (mean age 34.8 years). The study was conducted at Klinik
Kesihatan Seri Kembangan and Universiti Putra Malaysia. In total, 83 and 74 respondents were enrolled at early (<1 year)
and late (≥1 year) postpartum, respectively. AGT was diagnosed using OGTT. Respondents diagnosed with AGT at <1 year
postpartum were designated as early converters, whereas those diagnosed at ≥1 year postpartum were considered late
converters.


RESULTS
On average, respondents were overweight and had abdominal obesity. AGT was diagnosed in 17 (20.5%) at <1 year and 17 (23.0%) respondents at ≥1 year postpartum. Compared to the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group, early converters had significantly lower educational level, bigger household size, higher gravidity and parity, higher rates of recurrent GDM, overweight and obesity, and hyperinsulinemia. Meanwhile, late converters had significantly shorter breastfeeding duration, higher HbA1c, higher rates of pharmacological treatment during GDM and hypertriglyceridemia, compared to their NGT counterparts. Multivariate logistic regression found independent factors for AGT were parity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 7.045, p=0.006) and recurrent GDM (AOR 10.045, p=0.028) at early postpartum; and HbA1c (AOR 91.474, p=0.002) at late postpartum.


CONCLUSION
Findings from this study may help in identifying characteristics of women post-GDM who are at high risk of AGT at
different timepoints. Continuous diabetes screening and dietary intervention postpartum are strongly recommended to
prevent the eventual progression to type 2 diabetes.

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Published

2022-07-15

How to Cite

Hasbullah, F. Y., Mohd Yusof, B. N., Abdul Ghani, R. ., Mat Daud, Z. ’Azuan, Appannah, G. ., & Abas, F. (2022). FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TOWARDS EARLY AND LATE CONVERSION FROM GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS TO ABNORMAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE POSTPARTUM. Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies, 37, 2. Retrieved from https://www.asean-endocrinejournal.org/index.php/JAFES/article/view/2191

Issue

Vol. 37 (2022): MAC12 Book of Abstracts (Special Edition)

Section

Adult | Young Investigators Award

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Farah Yasmin Hasbullah, Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof, Rohana Abdul Ghani, Zulfitri ’Azuan Mat Daud, Geeta Appannah, Faridah Abas

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