Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Young Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Eastern India, Study of 120 Cases from a Tertiary Care Hospital
Keywords:
diabetes mellitus, subclinical hypothyroidism, free levothyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormoneAbstract
*Visual Abstracts prepared by Dr. Jerico Gutierrez
Objective: The association between thyroid dysfunction and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus has been reported in several studies. This study was done to explore the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in young (<40 years) patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Eastern India.
Methododology: A retrospective chart review of 120 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was done. 120 patients (male 81, female 39) of age <40 years, who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for Diabetes Mellitus according to ADA (American Diabetes Association) were enrolled and investigated through performance of Thyroid Function Tests (FT4,TSH).
Results: Of 120 patients (of less than 40 years of age ), 65.83% of patients had the biochemical features of thyroid dysfunction. In descending order of frequency, we found subclinical hypothyroidism in 43.33% of cases (defined by no symptoms or no clinical features of hypothyroidism but with TSH level in the range of above 5 miu/ml but below 10 miu/ml with normal FT4 level), followed by 9.2% of patients with overt hypothyroidism ( either clinical features or TSH >10 miu/ml or FT4 below normal), 8.3% with subclinical hyperthyroidism (only biochemically low level of TSH <0.34 miu/ml in this study) and 5% of patients show features of clinical hyperthyroidism (clinical or FT4 level well above normal range along with low TSH).
Conclusion: A high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in young type 2 DM patients suggests evaluation for thyroid disorder for proper management.
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