Prevalence and Impact of Hypothyroidism on Glycaemic Control in Indian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus:
A Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.41.1.4989Keywords:
type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, thyroid dysfunction, glycemic control, comorbiditiesAbstract
Objectives. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in Indian patients with T2DM and explore its impact on glycemic control and comorbidities.
Methodology. This cross-sectional study involved 218 patients with T2DM attending a tertiary care centre. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and blood samples were collected to measure glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Patients were classified as euthyroid, hyperthyroid, or hypothyroid based on TSH levels. A sub-analysis compared demographic and biochemical parameters between euthyroid and hypothyroid groups.
Results. The study included 218 patients with T2DM with a mean age of 57.6 ± 11.1 years, and a female predominance (54.1%). The prevalence of hypothyroidism was 58.7%, higher among females. No significant differences in comorbidities or HbA1c levels were observed between euthyroid and hypothyroid patients. Among patients with HbA1c ≥6.4%, women showed a higher prevalence of hypothyroidism.
Conclusion. The high prevalence of hypothyroidism among patients with T2DM, particularly in females, underscores the need for routine thyroid function screening in this population. Despite the lack of significant differences in comorbidities or glycaemic control between euthyroid and hypothyroid patients seen in this study, the potential impact of thyroid dysfunction on diabetes management warrants further investigation.
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